Costochondritis, also known as Tietze syndrome, derives its name from the Latin word “costa” (rib) and the Greek word “chondros” (cartilage). It is a condition characterized by the inflammation of rib cartilages.
Symptoms
Symptoms of costochondritis include pain in the chest, particularly in the anterior region of the rib cage, and swelling in the surrounding tissues of the sternum (breastbone). The pain results from inflammatory processes affecting the ribs, which can be triggered by trauma to the chest or may have an unknown etiology. Movement of the ribs or pressure applied to the affected area can exacerbate the pain.
It is important to note that costochondritis does not require immediate medical intervention, although initial onset of severe chest pain may raise concerns about a potential heart attack. However, prompt medical attention should be sought in such cases to rule out cardiac issues.
Diagnosis
The main indication for diagnosis is tenderness at the site where the ribs join, with or without accompanying swelling. However, in order to ensure the absence of any cardiac or pulmonary diseases, additional investigations such as chest X-rays, electrocardiograms, and blood tests may be necessary.
Treatment
Symptoms may gradually resolve over time with adequate rest. It is important to avoid activities that worsen the symptoms as exercise can exacerbate the condition.
Pharmacological Therapy
The use of aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can provide relief. In cases where needed, a localized injection of a corticosteroid medication, such as cortisone, may be administered to the affected area.
