Mechanical abnormalities of the lumbosacral spine are the primary cause of back pain. These types of pain are related to physical activity and are often associated with overuse, injury, or deformity of the anatomical structures. Back pain of mechanical origin typically manifests as chronic, mild to moderate discomfort in the lower back and may extend to the gluteal region. Activities such as bending, twisting, lifting, and prolonged sitting or standing tend to exacerbate the pain throughout the day.
Factors like diminished physical fitness and lack of endurance can contribute to this type of pain, particularly in individuals who are overweight, sedentary, or have weak abdominal and back muscles. Correcting posture abnormalities and strengthening the muscles in the abdominal and back regions can facilitate recovery in such cases.
Diagnosing the specific cause of back pain is not always straightforward, but it is important to rule out inflammatory, infectious, tumorous, and metabolic conditions, as well as pain originating from internal organs or fractures. A comprehensive evaluation, including a thorough inquiry, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies when necessary, is essential to accurately identify the mechanical nature of the back pain.
